Australian obesity is amongst the highest in the world with 1 in 4 adults being obese. Resulting in Increased risk of coronary disease , diabetes mellitus and stroke. Sustained dietary change has been proven to improve the risk and reduce weight. Exercise is an important additional simple strategy of proven benefit. 40% of Australian males and 60% of Australian females do exercise sufficiently. Continuous moderate aerobic exercise programs like 35 minutes walking daily are of proven benefit.
High intensity interval training exercise of 30 seconds to a few minutes separated by 1-5 minutes of low or no intensity exercise , each cycle being repeated 4-6 times per session doing 3 sessions weekly is demonstrated to be comparable or better and associated with better patient compliance . An example of maximal effort is cycling at a maximal rate utilizing oxygen at greater than 90% of maximal capacity. Café mist be taken that ll other body systems are capable of coping with the stress of such maximal effort consult your doctor or professional trainer before considering such an approach.
Well regulated Blood pressure , Low lipid levels ( Cholesterol and Triglycerides ) normal blood sugars, normal weight contained alcohol consumption , no smoking, improves cognitive function or at least slows the progression of dementia.
There is evidence that regular exercise and social interaction as well as cognitive training like Sudoku and crosswords improve cognitive function both for those with early dementia and those without.
40% of adults in their 70’s experience a fall within a 12 month period and these may be associated with significant injury like hip fractures and head injury which ae associated with significant life risk.
Strategies that reduce the risk are optimized treatment of medical conditions by regular attendance and review of chronic illness requiring regular medication including hypertension, heart disease, previous stroke, lung disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, thyroid disease and cancers. Optimised eye sight by regular ophthalmic review. Reduced sedative and alcohol consumption Adequate vitamin D intake
Preventive strategies include uncluttered domestic environment especially walkways, no loose floor coverings, regular exercise like tai chi , home modifications that assist daily activity eg rails ramps shower chairs etc.